Harappan Nation

Nowadays, the Harappan civilization is one of the most fascinating and mysterious cultures known to man. Its existence (3000-1500 B.C.) was along the Indus River in modern day Pakistan. The name came from the city Harappa. As the greatest achievements of the ancient culture, the cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were known for their impressive and organized layouts. The people of the region used the Dravidian language.

By finding ancient artefacts, archaeologists were able to understand and study the Harappa other known as Indus Valley Civilization. The similarity between the cities of Mohenjo and Harappa indicates that they were in one unified government and had very good organization. Catacombs of the cities show that the burials were not so magnificent. They were simple and in essence were close to the burial sides known today. No evidence of military were found, which suggested that the Harappans were peaceful nation.

Harappan Stone Seal

Indus Valley Civilization was known to be urban and mercantile. Harappans traded gold and silver with Mesopotamia, Afghanistan and Persia. The people followed the Mesopotamian model for agriculture and use it as defence against the flooding of Indus river. Also Harappans were the first nation to cultivate cotton for the production of cloth. Harappian art was found to be small and used as personal possession. Small stone seals were the firs artefacts obtained from the cities of Mohenjo and Harappa. Also there were many pottery figures shaped into humans and animals. Only few of them were recovered.

The Harappan Civilization reach its height by 2500 B.C. and began to fall by 2000 B.C. The causes for the downfall still remain uncertain. One of the many theories suggested that the Aryan people migrated into the Indus Valley an, killing its inhabitants and burn their cities. Another theory, with more evidence, suggests that the Harappan culture fall before the Aryands began to migrate into the Valley. The agricultural problem was the real reason and the downfall of the Harappan nation.